Metodología Six Sigmas para reducir el número de productos no conformes en la mejora de la productividad de la empresa Grafimaster E.I.R.L – Piura, 2019

La presente investigación fue realizada en la empresa Grafimaster EIRL Durante el año 2019, cuyo objetivo general fue determinar de qué manera la metodología six sigma reduciría el número de productos no conformes en la mejora de la productividad, la investigación fue cuantitativa de diseño no experimental y de tipo descriptivo, Para el desarrollo de la metodología six sigma se utilizó el ciclo de DMAIC que a través de sus 5 etapas definir, medir, analizar, implementar o mejorara y controlar, permitió realizar un estudio más detallado para así encontrar la problemática existente en la empresa. La población a la cual se le realizó el estudio fue a los productos no conformes, las variables de esta investigación fueron dos; una de ellas fue la metodología six sigma en donde se tuvo como indicadores sus 5 etapas y la otra fue la productividad con sus 2 indicadores eficiencia y eficacia. En la primera etapa de definición se diagnosticó la problemática actual de la empresa, en la etapa de medición se efectuó una fórmula para hallar el DPMO y así observar en qué nivel de sigma se encuentra la organización , en su etapa de análisis se utilizó el diagrama de Pareto para evaluar que defectos eran los que más afectaban a los productivos, en la etapa de mejoramiento se plantearon diversa soluciones que el dueño debería tener en cuenta para que así ya no hallan errores ni productos defectuosos, por último esta la etapa de control en donde se elaboró una ficha de inspección con criterios importantes que se deberían tener en cuenta antes de la producción de afiches para así mejorara en la productividad de la empresa Grafimaster EIRL, En conclusión, la metodología permitió encontrar que de los 215 productos evaluados 100 de ellos contenían defectos y posiblemente sean devueltos por sus clientes, también se pudo observar que la empresa tiene un DPMO de 116.279 el cual lo ubica con un nivel de sigma número 2 con un rendimiento del 69.9% y la productividad actual es de 30.92%

Las relaciones interpersonales de los grupos étnicos: indígenas, afroecuatorianos y mestizos.

This work research called The Interpersonal relationship of the Ethnic groups: Indigenous, Afro-Ecuadorian, Mestizo people, it was carried out with the purpose of identifying the consequences of discrimination and the level of acceptance of the puplis in the classrooms because these children groups have to move on big cities with these families in order to find a better lifestyle. The object of study focuses on how the interpersonal relationships of children of different ethnic groups, who study at “Econ. Abdón Calderón Elementary School” from La Ecuatoriana Parish, Quito Canton, Pichincha Province, the methodological design is part of a qualitative method through field research with the application of surveys, in addition to the documentary literature review, allowed to support the analysis and discussion of the results, thus in this way a descriptive level was reached, the following results have been obtained of what is happening in the educational center, there is racism towards students of different ethnic groups, which shows that there is no respect for the customs and traditions where students come from, teachers must work more in the integration of the students within and outside the classroom using different strategies with work to improve interpersonal relationships.El presente trabajo de investigación denominado, las relaciones interpersonales de los grupos étnicos: indígenas, afro ecuatorianos y mestizos, se ejecutó con el propósito de identificar las consecuencias de la discriminación y el nivel de aceptación de los compañeros en el aula, en vista de que estos grupos de niños, por diversos motivos han tenido que desplazarse a las grandes ciudades con sus familias en busca de mejores días, El objeto de estudio se enfoca en cómo están las relaciones interpersonales de los niños de las diferentes etnias, que estudian Unidad Educativa “ Econ. Abdón Calderón”, de la Parroquia la Ecuatoriana, Cantón Quito, Provincia de Pichincha, el diseño metodológico se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo mediante la investigación de campo con la aplicación de encuestas, además con la revisión bibliografía documental, permitió sustentar el análisis y discusión de los resultados, así de esta manera se alcanzó un nivel descriptivo, se ha obtenido los siguientes resultados de lo que está pasando en el centro educativo, existiendo racismo hacia los estudiantes de diferentes etnias, que se nota que no existe el respeto hacia las costumbres y tradiciones de donde proviene los estudiantes, los docentes deben trabajar más en la integración de los dicentes dentro y fuera del aula utilizando diferentes estrategias con el trabajo para mejorar las relaciones interpersonales.Universidad Técnica de Cotopax

Robust control strategy for improving the performance of a soft robotic link

[Abstract] The robotic neck mechanism considered in this paper has as main element a soft link that emulates a human neck with two DOF (flexion, extension and lateral bending). The mechanism is based on a Cable-Driven Parallel Mechanism (CDPM) with components easy to manufacture in a 3D printer.Due to the soft link properties and the platform mechanics, it is important to provide a robust control system. Two designs, a robust PID controller and a Fractional Order PI controller (FOPI) are proposed and compared, the fractional order control showing an enhanced performance. Both control approaches are tested in the real prototype, validating the soft neck feasibility and showing the robustness of the platform to mass changes at the neck tip.Comunidad de Madrid. Consejería de educación e Investigación; IND2020/IND-1739Comunidad de Madrid; S2018/NMT-433

Reconfiguration of a climbing robot in an all-terrain hexapod robot

This work presents the reconfiguration from a previous climbing robot to an all-terrain robot for applications in outdoor environments. The original robot is a six-legged climbing robot for high payloads. This robot has used special electromagnetic feet in order to support itself on vertical ferromagnetic walls to carry out specific tasks. The reconfigured all-terrain hexapod robot will be able to perform different applications on the ground, for example, as inspection platform for humanitarian demining tasks. In this case, the reconfigured hexapod robot will load a scanning manipulator arm with a specific metal detector as end-effector. With the implementation of the scanning manipulator on the hexapod robot, several tasks about search and localisation of antipersonnel mines would be carried out. The robot legs have a SCARA configuration, which allows low energy consumption when the robot performs trajectories on a quasi-flat terrain.Peer reviewe

Perfil del consumidor de las galerías de artesanía de la comunidad de Tigua

The present investigation seeks to determine the "Consumer profile of the handicraft galleries of the Tigua community", likewise, the question is formulated: What is the consumer profile of handicraft galleries of the Tigua community?, with the objective to build the profile of the "tourist" consumer. This research is justified by theories, theoretical and related models, since the consumer profile was studied, contributing more information for future similar research on the subject. To determine the consumer profile, the quantitative approach methodology, descriptive type of research, non-experimental research design, survey research technique, questionnaire research instrument, and SPSS version 27 was used as a data processing tool.La presente investigación busca determinar el “Perfil del consumidor de las galerías de artesanía de la comunidad de Tigua”, así también, se formula la pregunta ¿Cuál es el perfil del consumidor de galerías de artesanía de la comunidad de Tigua?, con el objetivo de construir el perfil del consumidor “turistas”. Esta investigación se justifica mediante teorías, modelos teóricos y relacionados, ya que, se estudió el perfil del consumidor contribuyendo una mayor información para futuras investigaciones similares al tema. Para determinar el perfil del consumidor se aplicó la metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de investigación descriptivo, diseño de investigación no experimental, técnica de investigación encuesta, instrumento de investigación cuestionario y como herramienta de procesamiento de datos se utilizó el SPSS versión 27

Design of a gripping movement control system for a robotic hand prosthesis

In this paper, a description of a control system for basic grip movements for a low-cost hand prosthesis is presented. The idea is to provide movements to those people who do not have fingers due to congenital malformations, considering that the movements of their wrists are complete. The wrist movements are acquired by means of the Myo bracelet, which has wireless communication. The Myo bracelet has eight myoelectric sensors and an IMU, i.e., non-invasive sensors that are positioned around the forearm. The gestures read by means of the Myo bracelet are processed by the control system to send the commands to the small electric actuators installed in the prototype hand prosthesis

Educational low cost platform for control engineering

[Abstract] Control engineering is a highly experimental field, therefore, the more practice activities, the better understanding of the basic concepts. On the other hand, the class resources are never as plentiful as desired, and the experiments require expensive equipments and maintenance. This work proposes a low cost experimental platform designed to be used in control engineering subjects. Although the tight budget has some drawbacks related to device quality, particular solutions are proposed, leading to a working platform with very good performance, that has been used in different applications such as lab practice classes and advanced control strategies projects. The platform performance shows that the use in both practice labs or controller design is possible showing very good results.The research leading to these results has received funding from the project SOFIA: Articulación blanda inteligente con capacidades de reconfiguración y modularidad para plataformas robóticas, with reference PID2020-113194GB-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economics, In-dustry and Competitiveness, and from the project RoboCity2030-DIH-CM, Madrid Robotics Digital Innovation Hub, S2018/NMT-4331, funded by ”Programas de Actividades I+D en la Comunidad de Madrid” and cofunded by Structural Funds of the EU.Comunidad de Madrid; S2018/NMT-433

Modular and self-scalable origami robot: A first approach

This paper presents a proposal of a modular robot with origami structure. The proposal is based on a self-scalable and modular link made of soft parts. The kinematics of a single link and several links interconnected is studied and validated. Besides, the link has been prototyped, identified, and controlled in position. The experimental data show that the system meets the scalability requirements and that its response is totally reliable and robust.The research leading to these results has received funding from the project Desarrollo de articulaciones blandas para aplicaciones robóticas, with reference IND2020/IND-1739, funded by the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (CAM) (Department of Education and Research), and from RoboCity2030-DIH-CM, Madrid Robotics Digital Innovation Hub (Robótica aplicada a la mejora de la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos, FaseIV; S2018/NMT-4331), funded by “Programas de Actividades I+D en la Comunidad de Madrid” and cofunded by Structural Funds of the EU

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362